II-Vibro Cholerae O139(VC O139) ne-O1(VC O1) ComboUkuhlolwa kusebenzisa inqubo ye-immunochromatography ukukhomba izinhlobo ezimbili ezibalulekile zebhaktheriya yekholera. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubalulekile ukuze kutholwe ikholera ngesikhathi, okuvumela iziphathimandla zezempilo ukuba zenze ukungenelela okusheshayo. Ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo kwe-Vibro Cholerae O139(VC O139) kanye ne-O1(VC O1) Combo kuthuthukisa ukulawulwa kokuqubuka kwezifo, ekugcineni kwehlisa izinga lokugula kanye nokufa okuhlobene nesifo sohudo.
| Unyaka | Amacala abikiwe | Ukufa Kubikiwe | Ushintsho Ekufeni |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 535,321 | 4,000 | + 71% |
Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile
- II-Vibro Cholerae O139 kanye ne-O1 Combo Testivumela ukutholwa ngokushesha kwezinhlobo zekholera, okuvumela izimpendulo ezisheshayo zezempilo zomphakathi.
- Ukuqoqwa kwesampula okusebenzayo kanye nezinqubo zokuhlola ezifanele kubalulekile ukuze kuhlonzwe ikholera okunembile kanye nokulawulwa kokuqubuka kwesifo.
- Ukuqanjwa kwakamuva ekuhloleni, okufana nokuhlolwa kokuxilonga okusheshayo, kuthuthukisa kakhulu isivinini sokuthola futhi kuthuthukise imizamo yokugada ikholera.
Indlela ye-Vibro Cholerae O139 kanye ne-O1 Combo Test Immunochromatography Technique
Amasu Eqoqo Lesampula
Ukuqoqwa kwesampula okusebenzayo kubalulekile ekuhlolweni kwekholera okunembile. Ochwepheshe bezempilo kufanele balandele imigomo ethile ukuze baqinisekise ubuqotho bamasampuli. Izinqubo ezinconyiwe zihlanganisa:
- Izibonelo Zendle: Qoqa amasampula endle angu-4 kuya kwayi-10 ezigulini ezisolwa ngekholera. Lawa masampuli kufanele athunyelwe elabhorethri ye-microbiology ukuze kuqinisekiswe, ukuhlonzwa kohlobo oluthile, nokuhlolwa kokuzwela kwama-antibiotic.
- Imidiya Yezokuthutha: Qinisekisa imidiya yezokuthutha ekhethwayo elabhorethri. Izinketho zingabandakanya iphepha lokuhlunga noma i-Cary-Blair, esiza ukugcina ukusebenza kwamasampula ngesikhathi sokuthutha.
Izinqubo Zokuhlola
I-Vibro Cholerae O139(VC O139) kanye ne-O1(VC O1) Combo Test isebenzisa indlela ye-immunochromatography evumela ukutholwa ngokushesha kwezinhlobo zekholera. Imishini elandelayo nama-reagents abalulekile ekwenzeni ukuhlolwa:
| Izisetshenziswa/amaReagents | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-StrongStep® Vibrio cholerae O1/O139 Antigen Combo Rapid Test | Ukuhlolwa kokugonywa komzimba okusheshayo kokutholwa kwekhwalithi ye-Vibrio cholerae O1 kanye/noma i-O139 kuma-fecal specimens womuntu. |
| Amasosha omzimba e-Anti-Vibrio cholerae O1/O139 | Inganyakazi endaweni yokuhlola yolwelwesi ukuze itholwe. |
| Izinhlayiya ezinombala | Kuhlanganiswe amasosha omzimba ukuze kuchazwe okubonwayo kwemiphumela. |
| Isifanekiso | Izibonelo zendle yomuntu, okufanele zihlolwe ngokushesha ngemva kokuqoqwa. |
| Izimo zokugcina | Gcina ikhithi ku-4-30 ° C, ungafrizi, futhi uvikele ekungcoleni. |
Inqubo yokuhlola ibandakanya ukusebenzisa isampula yesitulo kudivayisi yokuhlola, lapho isebenzisana namasosha omzimba. Umugqa obonakalayo ukhombisa ukuba khona kwebhaktheriya yekholera, okuvumela ukuxilonga ngokushesha.
Ukuzwela kanye Nokucaciswa
Ukuzwela nokucaciswa kwe-Vibro Cholerae O139 kanye ne-O1 Combo Test amamethrikhi abalulekile okuhlola ukusebenza kwawo. Ucwaningo lwakamuva lomtholampilo lubika amanani alandelayo:
| Uhlobo Lokuhlola | Ukuzwela | Ukucaciswa |
|---|---|---|
| V. cholerae O139 (amasampula ahlungiwe) | 1.5 × 10² CFU/ml | 100% |
| V. cholerae O139 (amasampula angahlungiwe) | Ilogi eyodwa ingaphansi kunokuhlunga | 100% |
Ukwengeza, ukuzwela okuhlanganisiwe kanye nokucaciswa kokuhlolwa okusheshayo kwekholera kubonisa:
| Uhlobo Lokuhlola | Ukuzwela Okuhlanganisiwe | Ukucaciswa Okuhlanganisiwe |
|---|---|---|
| I-Cholera Rapid Diagnostic Tests | 90% (86% kuya ku-93%) | 91% (87% kuya ku-94%) |
Lawa mazinga aphezulu abonisa ukuthi inqubo ye-Vibro Cholerae O139(VC O139) kanye ne-O1(VC O1) Combo Test Immunochromatography inikeza imiphumela enokwethenjelwa, okuyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile ekutholeni ikholera nokulawula ukuqubuka.
Ukubaluleka Kwezempilo Yomphakathi
Iqhaza Ekulawuleni Ukuqubuka
II-Vibro Cholerae O139 kanye ne-O1 Combo Testidlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni ukuqubuka kwekholera. Ukutholwa ngokushesha kwezinhlobo zekholera kuvumela iziphathimandla zezempilo ukuthi zisebenzise ukungenelela okufika ngesikhathi. Lokhu kuhlola kukhulisa kakhulu isivinini nokusebenza kwezimpendulo zezempilo zomphakathi.
- Ukwenyuka Ukuhlolwa: Ukwethulwa kwe- rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) kuholele ekwandeni kokuhlolelwa ikholera. Imiphakathi phambilini obekucatshangwa ukuthi ayinakho ikholera manje isikhombisa amacala ngenxa yamakhono okubona athuthukile.
- Izindleko-Ngempumelelo: Ama-RDT abiza kakhulu futhi adla isikhathi esincane kunokuhlolwa kwelebhu evamile. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kusiza ukuxilonga nokwelashwa ngokushesha, okubalulekile ngesikhathi sokuqubuka kwezifo.
- Imiphumela Esheshayo: Ukuhlola okusha okusheshayo kunikeza imiphumela ngamaminithi, ngokushesha kakhulu kunokuhlolwa kwelebhu evamile okungathatha izinsuku. Lokhu kushintsha okusheshayo kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ezinye izifo kanye nokuqalisa imikhankaso yokugoma ngesikhathi.
Ithebula elilandelayo libonisa ukuzwela kanye namazinga okutholwa okuhle kwezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuhlonza ikholera, ligqamisa izinzuzo ze-Vibro Cholerae O139 kanye ne-O1 Combo Test:
| Indlela | Ukuzwela (%) | Ukucaciswa (%) | Izinga Lokuthola Okuhle (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| IFAG | 19.9 | Phezulu | 29/146 |
| Isiko Esivamile | 10.3 | Phansi | 15/146 |
| I-PCR yesikhathi sangempela | 29.5 | Okuphakeme kakhulu | 43/146 |
Izibonelo Zokusetshenziswa Okuphumelelayo
Izibonelo zezifundo zibonisa ukusebenza kwe-Vibro Cholerae O139 kanye ne-O1 Combo Test ezifundeni ezihlukahlukene. Isibonelo, ucwaningo lukhombisa umehluko omkhulu emazingeni okumelana nama-antibiotic phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-Vibrio cholerae O139 kanye ne-O1. Izinhlobo ze-O1 zivame ukuxhunyaniswa nokuqubuka okukhulu, kuyilapho izinhlobo ze-O139 zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezimo ezingavamile kanye nokuqubuka kokudla. Ukuqonda la maphethini kubalulekile ekulawuleni ubhubhane lwekholera, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisengozini njengezindawo zasemakhaya zase-Bangladesh.
Imithelela Yezempilo Yomhlaba Wonke
Umthwalo womhlaba wonke wekholera usabalulekile, uthinta cishe abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.3, kanti iningi lamacala ligxile e-sub-Saharan Africa naseNingizimu Asia. Ukuqubuka kwezifo kuvame ukuba kuningi futhi kuthathe isikhathi eside, njengoba kufakazelwa emazweni anjengeYemen neHaiti. Izindlela zokuxilonga ezisezingeni legolide zendabuko, okuhlanganisa isiko le-microbial kanye ne-PCR, zidinga isikhathi eside, abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe, nengqalasizinda yaselabhorethri, ngokuvamile okuholela ekubambezelekeni ekuqinisekiseni ukuqubuka nokusabela. Le mikhawulo inomthelela ekwandeni kwezifo nokufa futhi ikhinyabeza ukulinganiswa okunembile komthwalo wekholera, okubeka ubunzima obengeziwe bezempilo nezomnotho ezifundeni ezithintekile.
Kulo mongo, ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga okusheshayo okusekelwe ku-immunochromatography (RDTs) kunikeza indlela yokuguqula. Ngokuthola ama-antigen e-Vibrio cholerae O1 kanye ne-O139 ngokusebenzisa ama-lateral flow immunoassays, lokhu kuhlola kunikeza imiphumela yekhwalithi phakathi nemizuzu engu-5, ngaphandle kokudinga isitoreji seketango elibandayo noma imishini eyinkimbinkimbi. Angalawulwa ngokuqeqeshwa okuncane endaweni yokunakekelwa, okuwenza abe wusizo ikakhulukazi kuzilungiselelo ezikude nezinezinsiza eziphansi. Nakuba kungahloselwe ukuxilongwa okuqondile kwesiguli, ama-RDT anenani eliphezulu lokubikezela elibi, linciphisa isidingo sokuhlolwa okuqinisekisayo ezindaweni ezivame kakhulu. Isicelo sazo esiyinhloko sisekugadweni kwezifo eziwumshayabhuqe, lapho isivinini sazo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko kuvumela ukutholakala kobhubhane kusenesikhathi, ukuqapha kangcono ukuthambekela kwe-spatiotemporal, kanye nokusatshalaliswa okuphumelelayo kokungenelela okufana nemithi yokugomela ikholera yomlomo (ama-OCV) nezindlela zokukhucululwa kwendle—ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa ukunikezwa kwe-OCV okulinganiselwe kwamanje okulinganiselwe.
Imithelela yokwamukela i-immunochromatography ifinyelela kude: ukubhekwa okuthuthukisiwe kwesikhathi sangempela kuthuthukisa ukunemba kokubikezela futhi kukhulisa ukusabela kokuqubuka; ukulinganisa izincazelo zamacala kuwo wonke amazwe kuba nokwenzeka kakhulu ngokuhlolwa okusheshayo okuvumelanayo; kanye nemifudlana yedatha ewumphumela ingahlanganiswa nobuhlakani bokwenziwa ukuze kuhlaziywe ngokujulile amandla okudlulisa. Ekugcineni, lezi zindlela ezintsha zibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukulawulwa kwekholera emhlabeni wonke, ukunciphisa ukufa okungavinjelwa, kanye nokunciphisa imithelela yezempilo nezomnotho kubantu abasengozini.
II-Vibro Cholerae O139 kanye ne-O1 Combo Testidlala indima ebalulekile ekutholeni ikholera. Ihlonza ngokuthembekile izinhlobo zekholera, ivumela izimpendulo zezempilo zomphakathi ngokushesha. Ngokuzwela kokuthola amaseli ambalwa njengo-103V. ikholera, lokhu kuhlolwa kufakazela ukuthi kubalulekile ekulawuleni ukuqubuka.
Ukwanda kokuqwashisa nokusetshenziswa kwalokhu kuhlolwa phakathi kwabahlinzeki bezempilo kubalulekile. Ithebula elilandelayo ligqamisa ukusabalala kanye nokumelana nama-antibiotic kuma-serogroups ekholera:
| I-Serogroup | Ukuvama (%) | Ukumelana Nama-antibiotic (%) |
|---|---|---|
| O1 | Phezulu | 70% (cefotaxime), 62.4% (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), 56.8% (ampicillin) |
| O139 | Kuphakathi | N/A |
Iziphathimandla zezempilo kumele zibeke phambili lokhu kuhlolwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe imizamo yokulawula ikholera emhlabeni jikelele.
FAQ
Iyini inhloso eyinhloko yokuhlolwa kwe-Vibro Cholerae O139 kanye ne-O1 Combo?
Ukuhlolwa kukhomba ngokushesha izinhlobo zekholera, okuvumela ukungenelela kwezempilo komphakathi ngesikhathi.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola imiphumela ku-Combo Test?
Funda imiphumela ngemizuzu emi-5. Ungahumushi umphumela ngemuva kwemizuzu eyi-10.
Yebo, ukuhlolwa kungathola ngesikhathi esisodwa zombili izinhlobo ze-Vibrio cholerae O1 ne-O139 kusampula eyodwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-05-2025