Fumana esona sisombululo sikhawulezayo sokuFumana isifo sokuphefumla

IiNdlela zeNzululwazi kuMahluko wePathogen yokuphefumla kunye neTekhnoloji yokuDinga

Ngokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokwahlukana kwe-pathogen, iziganeko eziphezulu zezifo zokuphefumula ziye zaba yinto eqhelekileyo.Umkhuhlane,I-COVID 19, usulelo mycoplasmas, kunye nezinye izigulo zihlala zikhokelela ekubhidekeni koluntu "kwi-self-diagnosis" ngenxa yeempawu ezihambelanayo. Sinokwahlula njani ngokukhawuleza oonobangela bokugula? Ithekhnoloji yokufumanisa inoveli yenza njani unyango oluchanekileyo? Eli nqaku lidibanisa ulwazi oluvela kwiingcali zonyango kunye neendlela zamva nje zemveliso ukuhlalutya izicwangciso zenzululwazi zokulawula izifo zokuphefumla.

Uzahlula njani ngokweNzululwazi phakathi kweempawu ezifanayo?

Umkhuhlane, i-COVID-19, usulelo lwe-mycoplasma, kunye nengqele eqhelekileyo ibonakaliswa ngumkhuhlane, ukukhohlela, kunye nokudinwa, kodwa iyantlukwano efihlakeleyo inokunceda uvavanyo lokuqala:

• Umkhuhlane: Ukuqala ngokukhawuleza, umkhuhlane ophezulu (> 38.5 ° C), uhamba kunye nentloko, imisipha ebuhlungu, kunye nokudinwa okukhulu.
• I-COVID 19: Umkhuhlane onokuphelelwa livumba/incasa, ukukhohlela okomileyo okuthe gqolo, kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu wenyumoniya kwiimeko ezimandundu.
• Usulelo lweMycoplasma: Ukukhwehlela okomileyo okuqhubekayo, kuxhaphake kubantwana; umkhuhlane omncinci kodwa ixesha elide (iiveki).
• Okubandayo Okunye: Iimpawu ezincinci ezifana nokuxinana kweempumlo/ukubaleka kwempumlo, kunqabile ukuba ube nomkhuhlane ophezulu okanye ukungonwabi ngokwenkqubo.

Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zeklinikhi zodwa azikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. UGqr Wang Guiqiang, uMlawuli weZifo ezosulelayo kwiSibhedlele sokuqala seYunivesithi yasePeking, ugxininisa ukubauvavanyo lwe-etiological lubalulekile, ngakumbi kumaqela anobungozi obuphezulu (umzekelo, abantu abadala, izigulane zezifo ezingapheliyo).

Ubuchwephesha bokuDinga ngokukhawuleza: Ukusuka kwi-Empirical Guesswork ukuya kwi-Precision Medicine

Ukujongana nemingcipheko yosulelo kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuxilongwa kwangexesha,ukufumanisa i-pathogen ye-multiplexuye wavela njengomtshintshi womdlalo. Uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo lwangoku lugubungela uluhlu olubanzi lweentsholongwane zokuphefumla:

Iimvavanyo eziphambili zePathogen-Specific

1. Uvavanyo lwe-Influenza A/B
2. Uvavanyo lwe-SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).
3. Mycoplasma pneumoniae Test
4. Uvavanyo lweLegionella pneumophila(ichonga isifo seLegionnaires, unobangela wenyumoniya omandla)
5. Uvavanyo lweChlamydia pneumoniae(ukufumanisa inyumoniya ngendlela engaqhelekanga)
6. Uvavanyo lwe-TB (iSifo sePhepha).(ibalulekile kuxilongo lwe-TB kwangoko)
7. Strep Uvavanyo(uvavanyo olukhawulezayo lweQela A lwe-streptococcal pharyngitis)
8. Uvavanyo lwe-RSV (i-Respiratory Syncytial Virus)(ixhaphakile kwiintsana nabantu abadala)
9. Uvavanyo lweAdenovirus(inxulunyaniswa nosulelo olunzima lokuphefumla/lokubona)
10. Uvavanyo lweMetapneumovirus yoMntu (HMPv).(ukulinganisa iimpawu ze-RSV)
11. Malaria Ag Pf/Pan Test(uyahlula iiparasite zemalariya kwimimandla ehlala kuyo)

Ii-Assays ezininzi zokuHlola ngokuBanzi

• Iiphaneli zeQuadriplex: Umkhuhlane A/B + COVID-19 + RSV
• Iiphaneli zenyumoniya: Mycoplasma + Chlamydia + Legionella + Adenovirus
• Iimvavanyo zeCombo zeZigulo zabantwana: RSV + HMPv + Strep A
• Iikhithi zoMmandla weTropiki: Isifo seengcongconi + iDengue + Typhoid (iidilesi ezingaphaya kweempawu zefiva)

Olu vavanyo luzisa iziphumo kwi-15-30 imizuzu usebenzisa i-PCR, i-antigen-detection, okanye i-CRISPR-based platforms, eyenza oogqirha ukuba:

• Ukuthintela ibhaktiriya vs oonobangela bentsholongwane
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa kakubi amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane
• Qalisa amayeza ekujoliswe kuwo (umzekelo, ii-antivirals zomkhuhlane, iimacrolides ze-mycoplasma)

Ubuchwephesha begolide be-immune colloidal bubonelela ngesisombululo esiphucukileyo sokufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza nangokuthembekileyo kwezifo zokuphefumla. Le ndlela entsha igqwesa ekuchongeni iintsholongwane ezifana neentsholongwane zomkhuhlane, i-adenoviruses, i-respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV), kunye ne-metapneumovirus yabantu (HMPV), ukuxhobisa abaqeqeshi bezempilo ukuba baphumeze ukungenelela kwangethuba. Umzekelo, izifundo zeklinikhi ziqaqambisa ukuchaneka kwayo okuchukumisayo, ukufikelela kwi-93% yokufunyaniswa komkhuhlane A xa kuthelekiswa nenkcubeko yentsholongwane. Izixhobo zokuxilonga ezifana neUvavanyo lwe-FLU A/B, Uvavanyo lwe-COVID-19, Uvavanyo lwe-HMPV, Uvavanyo lwe-RSV, kwayeUvavanyo lweAdenongumzekelo wokuguquguquka kwayo ekujonganeni noluhlu olubanzi lweengxaki zokuphefumla. Ngokwenza ukuxilongwa kwangethuba, obu buchule buphucula kakhulu iziphumo zesigulane kwaye bunceda ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwezifo.

Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

• Indlela yegolide ye-immune colloidal ifumana izifo zemiphunga ngokukhawuleza. Oku kunceda oogqirha benze ngokukhawuleza.
• Kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye idinga uqeqesho oluncinci. Oku kuyenza ilunge kwiindawo ezininzi zokhathalelo lwempilo.
• Iziphumo zovavanyo zivela kwimizuzu. Oku kunceda ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nonyango.
• Ezi mvavanyo zitshiphu kwaye zihlala ixesha elide. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba abantu bawafumane.
• Iikiti zovavanyo lwasekhaya zivumela abantu ukuba bajonge impilo yabo kwangethuba. Bangalufumana kwangoko usulelo.

Ukuqonda i-Immune Colloidal Gold Technique

Ingcaciso kunye neMigaqo engundoqo

Ubuchwephesha begolide ye-immune colloidal yindlela yokuxilonga ephakamisa iimpawu ezizodwa zamasuntswana egolide e-colloidal ukufumanisa ii-antigens ezithile okanye izilwa-buhlungu kwiisampulu zebhayoloji. Olu buchule lusebenza kumgaqo we-immunochromatography, apho i-nanoparticles yegolide edityaniswe ne-monoclonal antibodies ibophelela kubahlalutyi abajoliswe kuyo, yenze imigca ebonakalayo kumgca wokuvavanya. Iziphumo ezibonakalayo zivumela abaqeqeshi bezempilo ukuba babone ngokukhawuleza ubukho be-pathogens.

Ingcebiso: Amasuntswana egolide e-Colloidal azinze kakhulu kwaye abonisa iipropathi ezigqwesileyo zamehlo, zizenza zilungele usetyenziso lokuxilonga.

Uphononongo kuphuhliso lwemicu yovavanyo lwe-colloidal yegolide ye-immunochromatographic yokukhangela egudileyoUBrucellaubonise ubuchule obuphezulu obucacileyo. Ii-antibodies ze-Monoclonal ezijolise kwi-lipopolysaccharides (LPS) ziqinisekise ukufunyanwa ngokuchanekileyo, ngelixa uvavanyo lwe-lateral flow immunochromatographic (LFIT) lubonise umda ophantsi wokufumanisa xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iikiti. Ezi ziphumo ziqaqambisa ukomelela kwenkqubo yegolide ye-immune colloidal ekunikezeni iziphumo ezichanekileyo kuzo zonke iimeko zoxilongo.

Kutheni Isebenza kwizigulo zokuphefumla

Ubuchwephesha begolide be-immune colloidal bugqwesile ekuvavanyeni izifo zokuphefumla ngenxa yokukwazi ukufumanisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuqhelana neentsholongwane ezahlukeneyo. Ikhono layo lokubonelela ngeziphumo ngaphakathi kwemizuzu yenza ukuba luxabiseke kakhulu ngexesha lomthwalo ophezulu wezigulane eziphuma ngaphandle, ngakumbi kwiindawo zeklinikhi apho ukungenelela ngexesha elifanelekileyo kubalulekile.

Uphononongo oluphononongo oluhlalutya iintsholongwane zokuphefumla ebantwaneni luveze ukuba usulelo lwendlela yokuphefumla ephezulu luxhaphakile, ukosulelwa ngokubambisana konyusa umngcipheko wenyumoniya enzima. Iimvavanyo zegolide ze-Colloidal zibonakalise ukusebenza ngempumelelo ekuhlolweni ngokukhawuleza, okwenza ukuba ababoneleli bezempilo bachonge usulelo kwangoko kwaye banciphise umthwalo kumaziko oxilongo. Nangona uvakalelo lwezi mvavanyo lusenokungahambelani neendlela ze-PCR, isantya sazo kunye nokusebenziseka lula kwazo kuzenza zibe lukhetho olusebenzayo lovavanyo lokuqala.

Uphando oluthelekisayo lugxininisa ngakumbi iinzuzo zovavanyo lwegolide lwe-immune colloidal ngaphezu kweendlela ezizezinye zokuxilonga. Ezi mvavanyo zinika uvakalelo oluphezulu kunye neenkcukacha, ukuqinisekisa ukufunyanwa ngokuchanekileyo kwabahlalutyi ekujoliswe kubo. Uyilo lwabo olusebenziseka lula lufuna uqeqesho oluncinci, lubenze bafanelekele iindawo ezahlukeneyo zokhathalelo lwempilo. Ukongeza, ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko kunye nobomi obude beshelufu kuphucula ukufikeleleka kwabo bobabini ababoneleli kunye nezigulana.

Ubuchwephesha begolide be-immune colloidal budibanisa isantya, ukuchaneka, kunye nokufikeleleka kwenza ukuba ibe sisixhobo esinamandla sokujongana nezifo zokuphefumla. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kuqinisekisa ukuba inokusetyenziswa kwi-spectrum ebanzi ye-pathogens, ukuxhasa ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nezicwangciso zonyango olusebenzayo.

ISikhokelo seNyathelo ngenyathelo lokuSebenzisa i-Immune Colloidal Gold Technique

Ukulungiselela Nezinto Ezifunekayo

Ukulungiswa okufanelekileyo kubalulekile ekusebenziseni ngempumelelo i-immune colloidal gold technique. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukudibanisa amacandelo athile aqinisekisa iziphumo ezichanekileyo nezithembekileyo. Isixhobo ngasinye sidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-diagnostic workflow, ukusuka kwisampuli yokuhluza ukuya ekubhaqweni kwe-antigen.

Ukulungiselela isisombululo segolide ye-colloidal, abaphandi batusa ukulungelelanisa i-pH kwi-7.4 usebenzisa i-potassium carbonate ukuzinza okulungileyo. Ugxininiso lwe-antibody kufuneka lulinganiswe ngononophelo ukuze kufikelelwe ukudibanisa okusebenzayo kwe-immunological. Umzekelo, ukongeza i-60 µg yokufumanisa izilwa-buhlungu ze-monoclonal kwi-10 ml yesisombululo segolide ekhohloyo iqinisekisa ukuthengiswa okuqinileyo. Indibano yokugqibela ye-immune strip kufuneka yenzeke kwiimeko zokufuma okuphantsi ukuze kwandiswe ubomi bokugcina.

Iindlela zokuQokelelwa kweSampulu

Ukuqokelelwa kwesampulu ezichanekileyo kubalulekile ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezithembekileyo. Iisampulu zebhayoloji, ezinje ngeempumlo, i-swabs yomqala, okanye igazi, ziqhele ukusetyenziswa ngokuxhomekeke kwipathogen ekujoliswe kuyo. Iingcali zezempilo kufuneka zilandele iiprothokholi ezisemgangathweni zokuqinisekisa imfezeko yesampulu.

Kwizifo zokuphefumula, iimpumlo zempumlo zihlala zikhethwa ngenxa yokukwazi ukubamba iintsholongwane zentsholongwane ukusuka kwindlela yokuphefumula ephezulu. I-swab kufuneka ifakwe ngobumnene kwi-nostril kwaye ijikelezwe amaxesha amaninzi ukuqokelela izinto ezaneleyo. Iisampulu zegazi, kwelinye icala, zilungele ukufumanisa izilwa-buhlungu, ngakumbi kwiimeko apho iimpendulo ze-immune zijongwa.

Phawula: Ukuleyibhile ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kweesampuli kubalulekile ukunqanda ukusuleleka kunye nokuqinisekisa uvavanyo oluchanekileyo.

Ukusebenzisa uvavanyo

Indlela yegolide ye-immune colloidal isebenzisa inkqubo ethe ngqo yesicelo, iyenza ifikeleleke kuzo zombini iingcali zeklinikhi kunye nabantu abaqhuba uvavanyo ekhaya. Uluhlu lokuvavanya lwenzelwe ukufumanisa i-antigens ethile okanye i-antibodies ngokusebenzisa iibhendi ezibonakalayo ezivela kwimigca yokufumanisa.

Ukwenza uvavanyo, abasebenzisi kufuneka basebenzise isampuli kwiphedi echongiweyo kwaye bavumele ulwelo ukuba luhambe kumgca. Kwimizuzu embalwa, iziphumo zibonakala, kunye neziphumo ezilungileyo eziboniswe ngamaqela ahlukeneyo kwimigca yovavanyo. Uphononongo olulawulwayo lubonise ukuba le ndlela ifezekisa ubuntununtunu obuphezulu kunye nokuchaneka, iyenza ibe lukhetho oluthembekileyo lokufumanisa iintsholongwane ezifanaToxoplasma gondii.

Ingcebiso: Qinisekisa ukuba umtya wovavanyo uhlala uzinzile ngexesha lenkqubo ukunqanda iimpazamo ezibangelwa yimiba yangaphandle efana nokufuma okanye ukuguquguquka kobushushu.

Indlela yegolide ye-immune colloidal yenza lula iinkqubo zokuxilonga ngelixa igcina ukuchaneka nokusebenza kakuhle. Inkqubo yokusetyenziswa kwayo ngokukhawuleza isekela ukuthathwa kwezigqibo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ngokukodwa kwimimiselo yeklinikhi apho isantya sibaluleke kakhulu.

Ukutolika iZiphumo

Ukutolikwa okuchanekileyo kweziphumo kubalulekile ekusebenziseni ubuchule begolide bomzimba we-immune colloidal ngempumelelo. Iibhendi ezibonakalayo kumgca wokuvavanya zibonelela ngezibonakaliso ezichanekileyo zobukho okanye ukungabikho kwe-antigens ekujoliswe kuyo okanye i-antibodies. Iingcali zempilo kunye nabasebenzisi kufuneka baqonde ukubaluleka kwala maqela ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi.

Iimpawu eziphambili kwiStrip yoVavanyo

Uluhlu lovavanyo ngokuqhelekileyo lubonisa iindawo ezintathu ezahlukileyo:

1. Umgca wokulawula: Lo mgca uqinisekisa ubungqina bovavanyo. Inkangeleko yayo ibonisa ukuba umtya wovavanyo usebenze ngokuchanekileyo kwaye isampulu yahamba njengoko bekucetyiwe.
2. Umgca woVavanyo: Ibhendi ebonakalayo kulo mmandla ibonisa isiphumo esihle, esibonisa ubukho be-antigen ekujoliswe kuyo okanye i-antibody.
3. Indawo engenanto: Ukungabikho kwawo nawaphi na amabhanti kule ndawo kuphakamisa isiphumo esibi, okuthetha ukuba umhlalutyi ekujoliswe kuwo akazange abonwe.

Phawula: Ukuba umgca wokulawula awuphumelelanga ukuvela, uvavanyo aluvumelekile kwaye kufuneka luphindwe ngomgca omtsha.

Amanyathelo ohlalutyo lweziphumo

Ukutolika iziphumo kubandakanya indlela ecwangcisiweyo yokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka:

• Inyathelo loku-1: Qinisekisa ukubonakala komgca wolawulo.
• Inyathelo lesi-2: Hlola umgca wokuvavanya kwiibhendi ezibonakalayo.
• Inyathelo lesi-3: Thelekisa ukuqina komgca wovavanyo kwimigangatho yereferensi, ukuba ikhona.
• Inyathelo lesi-4: Rekhoda iziphumo kwaye udibane noxilongo
  

  Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo zokutolika okuthembekileyo

  • Iimeko zokukhanyisa: Yenza uhlalutyo phantsi kokukhanya okwaneleyo ukuze ugweme ukufunda ngendlela engafanelekanga iibhendi ezipholileyo.
  • Ixesha: Qwalasela iziphumo ngexesha elibekiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka.
  • Amaxwebhu: Bhala iziphumo ngokukhawuleza ukugcina imbali ecacileyo yoxilongo.

  Indlela yegolide ye-immune colloidal yenza lula ukutolika kweziphumo ngefomathi yayo ebonakalayo. Uyilo lwayo olusebenziseka lula luqinisekisa ukufikeleleka kwabo bobabini iingcali zeklinikhi kunye nabantu abaqhuba uvavanyo ekhaya. Ngokulandela iiprothokholi ezisemgangathweni, abasebenzisi banokufikelela kwiziphumo ezithembekileyo ezixhasa ukungenelela kwezonyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

  Okuzuzwayo kunye neMida ye-Immune Colloidal Gold Technique

  Izinto eziluncedo eziPhambili zokuFumana ngokukhawuleza

  Ubuchwephesha begolide be-immune colloidal bubonelela ngeengenelo ezininzi ezenza kube lukhetho olukhethiweyo loxilongo olukhawulezayo. Ukukwazi kwayo ukuhambisa iziphumo ngokukhawuleza kubaluleke kakhulu kwiikliniki kunye neendawo zokunyamekela. Le ndlela ingqineke iyasebenza ekufumaneni izilwa-buhlungu ezichasene ne-SARS-CoV-2, ivumela ungenelelo ngexesha loqhambuko.

  Iinzuzo eziphambili ziquka:

  • Ukusebenza kweendleko xa kuthelekiswa novavanyo olusekwe kwilabhoratri.
  • Uyilo olusebenziseka lula, olulungele abasebenzi bezempilo kunye nabantu abanoqeqesho oluncinci.
  • Usetyenziso oluphezulu kwiindawo ezinobuncwane obuphantsi, apho izixhobo zokuxilonga eziphambili zisenokungafumaneki.
  • Ukusetyenziswa kocupho lwe-seroprevalence, ukunceda imigaqo-nkqubo yezempilo yoluntu.

  Ezi mpawu zenza ubuchule begolide be-immune colloidal bube sisixhobo esiguquguqukayo sokujongana nemingeni yoxilongo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokhathalelo lwempilo. Amandla ayo okubona ngokukhawuleza aqinisekisa ukuba ababoneleli bezempilo banokusebenza ngokukhawuleza, baphucule iziphumo zesigulane kunye nokunciphisa ukusasazeka kwezifo ezithathelwanayo.

  Imida eqhelekileyo kunye nemingeni

  Ngaphandle kweenzuzo zayo, ubuchule begolide be-immune colloidal bujongene nemingeni ethile enokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwayo. Uphononongo oluthelekisayo luqaqambisa ukuba ngelixa le ndlela ibonelela ngeziphumo ezikhawulezayo, isenokungabi nabuntununtunu beendlela zokuxilonga zemolekyuli.tic izikhokelo ukwenzela inyathelo elongezelelweyo.

Iimeko eziqhelekileyo kunye neziphumo zazo

Imingeni yobugcisa nayo ivela ngexesha lokuphunyezwa. I-Nanoparticles esetyenziswe kwi-assay inokuphazamisa ukufundwa kwe-optical density, ekhokelela ekuhlukeni kwiziphumo. Ukongeza, ukhetho loyilo lovavanyo ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuchaneka. Ngokomzekelo, iimvavanyo ze-in vitro kufuneka zilinganise ngokusondeleyo iimeko zobomi bokwenyani ukubonelela ngeziphumo ezithembekileyo.

Nangona le mida ikhona, ukuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kwi-assay design kunye neteknoloji ye-nanoparticle ijolise ekujonganeni nale mingeni. Ngokucokisa le miba, ubuchule begolide be-immune colloidal bunokuqhubeka busebenza njengesixhobo esithembekileyo nesisebenzayo sokuxilonga.

Ukusetyenziswa okuSebenzayo kwe-Immune Colloidal Gold Technique

Sebenzisa kwiiSetingi zeklinikhi

Indlela yegolide ye-immune colloidal iye yaba sisiseko soxilongo lweklinikhi ngenxa yesantya kunye nokuthembeka kwayo. Izibhedlele kunye neelebhu zihlala zisebenzisa le ndlela ukubona iintsholongwane zokuphefumla ezifana neentsholongwane zomkhuhlane, iintsholongwane zokuphefumula ze-syncytial (RSV), kunye ne-SARS-CoV-2. Ixesha layo lokuguqula ngokukhawuleza livumela ababoneleli bezempilo ukuba benze izigqibo ngexesha, ngakumbi ngexesha lokuqhambuka okanye umthamo ophezulu wezigulane.

Kumasebe kaxakeka, obu buchule buxhasa ukuvavanywa ngokukhawuleza ngokuchonga usulelo ngaphakathi kwemizuzu. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha lokukhulelwaI-COVID 19Ubhubhani, abasebenzi bezempilo baxhomekeke kuvavanyo lwegolide lwe-immune colloidal ukuhlola abaguli ngokufanelekileyo. Ukulula koyilo lovavanyo kunciphisa imfuno yoqeqesho olukhethekileyo, okwenza ukuba lufikeleleke kuluhlu olubanzi lwabasebenzi bezonyango.

Ukongeza, le ndlela ingqineka ixabiseke kakhulu kwizicwangciso ezisikelwe umda. Iikliniki ezisemaphandleni okanye kwiindawo ezingabonelelwanga ngokwaneleyo ziyaxhamla ekuphatheni nasekufikeleleni kwazo. Ngokungafaniyo nezixhobo zokuxilonga iimolekyuli, ezifuna izixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ubuchule begolide be-immune colloidal busebenza ngokufanelekileyo ngeziseko ezingundoqo ezincinci. Oku kuguquguquka kuqinisekisa ukuba neendawo zokhathalelo lwempilo ezikude zinokubonelela ngoxilongo oluchanekileyo kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo.

Iimeko zoVavanyo lwasekhaya

Ubuchwephesha begolide be-immune colloidal bukwafumene ukutsaleka kuvavanyo lwasekhaya, lunika abantu indlela elula yokubeka iliso kwimpilo yabo. Izixhobo zokuzivavanya ezenziwe ngale ndlela zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba babone izilwa-buhlungu okanye ii-antigens ngaphandle kokutyelela iziko lezempilo. Le ndlela ixhobisa abantu ukuba bathathe amanyathelo asebenzayo ekulawuleni impilo yabo ngelixa behlisa umthwalo kwiinkqubo zonyango.

Uphando lugxininisa ukuba nokwenzeka kunye nokuchaneka kwezi mvavanyo kwiindawo zasekhaya. Umzekelo, amaphononongo anika ingxelo yobuntununtunu obuphezulu kunye namazinga athile okufumana ii-antibodies ze-IgG kunye ne-IgM. Abathathi-nxaxheba kolu phando babonise ukukwazi ukugqiba iimvavanyo bengajongwanga, ngaphezulu kwe-90% bexela iziphumo ezisebenzayo. Le theyibhile ilandelayo ishwankathela iziphumo eziphambili:

Ezi ziphumo zigxininisa ukusebenza kovavanyo lwegolide lwe-immune colloidal kusetyenziso lwasekhaya. Uyilo lwabo oluthe ngqo luqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa lula, nakubantu abangenalo uqeqesho lwezonyango. Ngokwenza ukuba kubonwe kwangethuba usulelo, olu vavanyo lunegalelo kwiziphumo ezingcono zempilo kwaye luncede ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwezifo.

Indlela yegolide ye-immune colloidal iye yaziguqula iindlela zokuxilonga kunye nesantya sayo, ukulula, kunye nokuguquguquka. Ukukwazi kwayo ukuhambisa iziphumo ezikhawulezayo kuyenza ibaluleke kakhulu ekufumaneni izifo zokuphefumla kwiisetingi zeklinikhi kunye nekhaya. Iingxelo zohlalutyo ziqaqambisa ubume bayo obusebenziseka lula, nangona ukuguquguquka ekusebenzeni kovavanyo kwiikhithi ezahlukeneyo kugxininisa imfuneko yokukhethwa ngononophelo. Umzekelo, amazinga okufunyanwa kwe-antibody kwiimeko ze-TB zemiphunga ezingenayo iibhaktheriya asuka kwi-19.0% ukuya kwi-42.5%, ebonisa amandla ayo kwiimeko zokuxilonga ezicela umngeni.

Olu buchule luxhobisa ababoneleli bezempilo kunye nabantu ukuba benze ngokukhawuleza, baphucule iziphumo zesigulana kunye nokuthintela ukusasazeka kwezifo. Ukufikeleleka kwayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwenza ukuba ibe sisixhobo esixabisekileyo sokuxilongwa kwanamhlanje.

FAQ

Yintoni ubuchule begolide ye-immune colloidal esetyenziselwa ntoni?

Indlela yegolide ye-immune colloidal ifumanisa ii-antigens okanye izilwa-buhlungu kwiisampulu zebhayoloji. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekuxilongeni izifo zokuphefumla,kubandakanywa umkhuhlane, i-RSV, kunye ne-SARS-CoV-2, ngenxa yeziphumo zayo ezikhawulezayo kunye nokucaciswa okuphezulu.

Zichane kangakanani iimvavanyo zegolide ze-immune colloidal?

Olu vavanyo lubonisa ubuntununtunu obuphezulu kunye nokuchaneka, rhoqo ukodlula ama-90% kwiintsholongwane ezininzi. Ukuthembeka kwabo kubenza bafanelekele ukusetyenziswa kweklinikhi kunye nasekhaya, ngakumbi kuvavanyo lokuqala.

Ngaba abantu bangenza uvavanyo lwegolide lwe-immune colloidal ekhaya?

Ewe, iikhithi zokuvavanya ekhaya ziyafumaneka. Ezi zixhobo zisebenziseka ngokulula kwaye zifuna uqeqesho oluncinci, ezivumela abantu ukuba bajonge impilo yabo ngokulula kwaye babone usulelo kwangoko.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana iziphumo kolu vavanyo?

Iimvavanyo zegolide ye-colloidal zibonelela ngeziphumo kwimizuzu nje. Eli xesha lokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza lixhasa ukuthathwa kwezigqibo kwangexesha kuzo zombini izicwangciso zeklinikhi kunye nezomntu.

Ngaba iimvavanyo zegolide ze-immune colloidal zineendleko ezifanelekileyo?

Olu vavanyo lufikeleleka ngakumbi kuneendlela zokuxilonga iimolekyuli. Iindleko zabo eziphantsi kunye nobomi obude beshelufu benza ukuba bafikeleleke kubaboneleli bezempilo kunye nezigulane kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.